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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

Dynamical correlations after a quantum quench.

Fabian H L Essler¹, Stefano Evangelisti, Maurizio Fagotti

¹The Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters

|February 2, 2013

Summary

Quantum quenches in integrable models are governed by a generalized Gibbs ensemble, which also dictates dynamic correlations. This finding simplifies understanding non-equal-time correlations after quantum dynamics.

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Area of Science:

Quantum Many-Body Physics
Statistical Mechanics
Condensed Matter Theory

Background:

Understanding quantum dynamics after a quantum quench is crucial for non-equilibrium statistical mechanics.
Static correlations in integrable models often relax to a generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE).
The behavior of dynamic correlations in such systems remains an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between static and dynamic correlation functions after a quantum quench.
To determine the statistical ensemble governing dynamic correlations in the absence of long-range interactions.
To explore the validity of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in this context.

Main Methods:

Analysis of dynamic (non-equal-time) correlation functions of local observables.
Application of the generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE) framework.
Derivation of explicit expressions for time evolution in specific models.

Main Results:

Dynamic correlations after a quantum quench are governed by the same ensemble as static correlations (GGE) when long-range interactions are absent.
The fluctuation-dissipation theorem holds in its basic form, though spectra relationships differ from the thermal case.
Explicit formulas for dynamic order parameter correlators were derived for the transverse field Ising chain.

Conclusions:

The GGE provides a unified description for both static and dynamic correlations after quantum quenches in many integrable systems.
This work offers a deeper understanding of non-equilibrium quantum dynamics and correlation functions.
The findings have implications for analyzing quantum systems far from equilibrium.