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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Novel Metrics to Characterize Embryonic Elongation of the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
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A novel geometry for a laboratory-based larval settlement assay.

Luigi Petrone1, Serina Siew Chen Lee, Serena Lay Ming Teo

  • 1Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research, A∗STAR, Singapore.

Biofouling
|February 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A new assay design using two surfaces and a water column effectively studies barnacle cyprid settlement. This method allows precise evaluation of surface preferences and settlement behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine biology
  • Biomaterials science
  • Surface chemistry

Background:

  • Barnacle settlement is crucial for marine fouling.
  • Current settlement assays have limitations in evaluating surface properties.
  • Understanding cyprid settlement behavior is key to developing antifouling strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present and evaluate a novel assay configuration for studying barnacle cyprid settlement.
  • To assess the influence of surface properties on settlement behavior.
  • To provide a method for analyzing cyprid exploration and settlement on patterned surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • A novel assay configuration with two apposing surfaces bounding a vertical water column was developed.
  • Settlement assays were performed using cyprids of Balanus amphitrite on various planar surfaces.

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  • Surfaces tested included hydrophobic polystyrene, hydrophilic glass, and functionalized self-assembled monolayers (SAMs).

    • Main Results:

    • Identical apposing surfaces yielded settlement rates comparable to previous studies.
    • A choice assay demonstrated consistent results, indicating preferred settlement surfaces.
    • Cyprids at the air/water interface settled on the lower surface perimeter, showing directed settlement behavior.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel assay configuration is effective for studying barnacle cyprid settlement on planar surfaces.
    • The assay allows for the assessment of surface chemistry and microstructures on settlement behavior.
    • This method avoids confining materials and coating of wells, offering a versatile tool for antifouling research.