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Global deep-MOND parameter as a theory discriminant.

Mordehai Milgrom1

  • 1Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.

Physical Review Letters
|February 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A new galactic rotation parameter, Q, can distinguish between modified gravity and modified inertia theories. This universal constant offers a novel test for understanding galaxy dynamics and dark matter alternatives.

Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Cosmology
  • Galactic Dynamics

Background:

  • Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) theories predict galaxy rotation curves.
  • Different MOND formulations yield distinct predictions for rotation curves given the same mass distribution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a global attribute of galaxy rotation curves to discriminate between MOND theories.
  • Propose a test applicable to isolated, pure-disk galaxies deep within the MOND regime.

Main Methods:

  • Define a parameter Q = V(2)/V(∞)(2), derived from surface density (Σ(r)) and total mass (M).
  • Analyze Q's theoretical predictions for modified-gravity and modified-inertia theories.
  • Compare theoretical Q values with observational data, independent of galaxy distance, inclination, mass, or size.

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Main Results:

  • Modified-gravity theories predict a universal constant Q = 2/3.
  • Modified-inertia theories predict Q ≈ 0.73 ± 0.01, with minimal dependence on mass distributions.
  • The difference in predicted rms velocity between theories is approximately 5%.

Conclusions:

  • The parameter Q provides a potential first discerning test between modified-gravity and modified-inertia theories.
  • A sufficiently large sample of galaxies could empirically validate or refute these distinct theoretical frameworks.