Acute aerocystitis in Piaractus mesopotamicus: participation of eicosanoids and pro-inflammatory cytokines

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Gustavo da Silva Claudiano1, Thalita R Petrillo, Wilson G Manrique

  • 1Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, km 05, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil.

Fish & Shellfish Immunology
|February 2, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Anti-inflammatory drugs effectively reduced vascular permeability and inflammatory cell accumulation in pacus (Piaractus mesopotamicus) with induced aerocystitis. Dexamethasone showed a faster inhibitory effect compared to meloxicam and indomethacin.

Area of Science:

  • Aquatic animal health
  • Fish immunology
  • Pharmacology in aquaculture

Background:

  • Aerocystitis, an inflammation of the air sac, is a significant concern in pacus (Piaractus mesopotamicus).
  • Understanding the inflammatory response, including vascular permeability and cellular infiltration, is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate vascular permeability and inflammatory cell components in pacus with induced aerocystitis.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in mitigating the inflammatory response.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of aerocystitis in 360 pacus via inoculation with inactivated Aeromonas hydrophila.
  • Administration of steroidal (dexamethasone) and nonsteroidal (meloxicam, indomethacin) anti-inflammatory drugs as pretreatment.
  • Measurement of vascular permeability at 180 minutes post-stimulus (MPS).
  • Assessment of inflammatory cell component accumulation at 24 hours post-stimulus (HPS).

Main Results:

  • Maximum vascular permeability was observed 180 MPS following Aeromonas hydrophila inoculation.
  • Anti-inflammatory drug pretreatment significantly inhibited vascular permeability.
  • Dexamethasone demonstrated an earlier onset of action compared to meloxicam and indomethacin.
  • Bacterial inoculation led to a progressive increase in inflammatory cell accumulation, peaking at 24 HPS.
  • Dexamethasone, indomethacin, and meloxicam effectively reduced the accumulation of lymphocytes, thrombocytes, granulocytes, and macrophages.
  • No significant differences were noted between various drug dosages.

Conclusions:

  • Eicosanoids and pro-inflammatory cytokines are implicated as key mediators in acute inflammation of pacus.
  • Steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs show potential for managing aerocystitis in pacus, with dexamethasone offering a quicker response.

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