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Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...

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Updated: May 14, 2026

Epitaxial Nanostructured α-Quartz Films on Silicon: From the Material to New Devices

Epitaxial Nanostructured α-Quartz Films on Silicon: From the Material to New Devices

Published on: October 6, 2020

Silicene beyond mono-layers--different stacking configurations and their properties.

C Kamal¹, Aparna Chakrabarti, Arup Banerjee

¹Indus Synchrotrons Utilization Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452013, India.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal

|February 2, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Multi-layer silicene exhibits strong covalent inter-layer bonding, unlike graphene. This bonding significantly alters electronic and geometric properties, with tetrahedral stacking configurations showing higher stability and unique surface states contributing to semi-metallic behavior.

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Area of Science:

Computational materials science
Condensed matter physics
Surface science

Background:

Silicene, a single layer of silicon atoms, shares graphene-like properties.
Understanding multi-layer silicene is crucial for novel electronic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate geometric and electronic properties of multi-layer silicene (n=1-10).
Compare multi-layer silicene to multi-layer graphene.
Analyze the impact of different stacking configurations on stability and electronic band structure.

Main Methods:

Ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Systematic study of layer-dependent properties.
Analysis of stacking configurations (AAAA, AABB, ABAB, ABC).

Main Results:

Strong covalent inter-layer bonding in silicene, contrasting with graphene's van der Waals forces.
Silicene's electronic band structure (linear/parabolic dispersions) is shifted due to inter-layer bonding.
Tetrahedral (AAAA, AABB, ABC) stacking configurations are more energetically stable than Bernal (ABAB) stacking.
Surface states in lower-energy configurations contribute to semi-metallic character.

Conclusions:

Multi-layer silicene properties are distinct from graphene due to strong covalent bonding.
Stacking configuration significantly impacts stability and electronic properties.
Tetrahedral coordination leads to higher cohesive energy and unique surface states, suggesting potential for advanced electronic materials.