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Association between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and myocardial infarction.

Parthasaradhireddy Tanguturi¹, Bhoomireddy Pullareddy, P Sampath Kumar

¹Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500013, Andhra Pradesh, India. tanguturi2008@gmail.com

Biochemical Genetics

|February 2, 2013

Summary

The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is linked to increased myocardial infarction risk in South India. This finding highlights genetic factors in heart disease prevalence in the region.

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Area of Science:

Genetics
Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology

Background:

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a growing public health concern in South India.
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between APOE genotypic variations and the risk of myocardial infarction in a South Indian population.

Main Methods:

Genotyping of the APOE gene polymorphism using PCR.
Analysis of lipid levels.
Comparison of APOE genotype frequencies between 202 MI patients and 210 controls.

Main Results:

The E3/E4 genotype was 1.5-fold more prevalent in MI patients (18.3%) than in controls (11.0%, p < 0.05).
The ε4 allele showed a significant association with MI (OR 2.2, p < 0.004 vs. ε3; OR 2.7, p > 0.01 vs. ε2).
Higher prevalence of E2/E3 genotypes was observed in controls (6.7%) compared to patients (4%).

Conclusions:

The APOE ε4 allele, particularly the E3/E4 genotype, is significantly associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction in South India.
Genetic predisposition plays a role in the rising incidence of MI in this population.