Colorectal carcinoma under microscopy: patohistology or much more?

Today the role of pathologists is increasingly focused on finding more accurate prognostic and predictive parameters that will be necessary for targeted treatment of patients. Improving understanding of colorectal carcinogenesis allow us to consider incorporation of these new knowledges in molecular classification of colorectal cancer. There are different ways of molecular classification, but most of them are based on: 1. type of genetic instability; 2. methylator phenotype and 3. single molecular events such are KRAS and BRAF mutations. This review considers a new molecular classification of colorectal carcinoma proposed by J. Jass in 2007 which is based on the correlation of molecular and morphological features. We would also like to point out to the new role of pathologists in the era of personalized medicine in diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal carcinomas as well as in selection of patients for some modalities of targeted therapy.