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Published on: March 14, 2017
Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism
Natalie E Cusano1, Shonni J Silverberg, John P Bilezikian
1Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Summary
Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism, characterized by elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) with normal calcium, represents a distinct endocrine disorder. This condition may precede the development of hypercalcemia, indicating a potential biphasic disease progression.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Primary hyperparathyroidism is typically defined by hypercalcemia and elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH).
- A less common presentation involves elevated PTH with persistently normal serum calcium levels.
- This normocalcemic form must be differentiated from secondary causes of hyperparathyroidism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism.
- To discuss the recognition and implications of this distinct endocrine disorder.
- To explore the potential biphasic nature of primary hyperparathyroidism.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies describing normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism.
- Analysis of clinical presentations and diagnostic criteria.
- Synthesis of current understanding of this endocrine disorder.
Main Results:
- Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism is an increasingly recognized phenotype.
- This condition is characterized by elevated PTH and normal serum calcium in the absence of secondary causes.
- Evidence suggests a possible progression from normocalcemic to hypercalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism.
Conclusions:
- Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism represents a significant, albeit less common, endocrine disorder.
- Early recognition is crucial for understanding disease progression.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the pathophysiology and long-term management of this condition.
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