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Related Concept Videos

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...

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Updated: May 14, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
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Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

Dissecting complex epigenetic alterations in human lupus.

Dipak R Patel, Bruce C Richardson

    Arthritis Research & Therapy
    |February 5, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Epigenetic alterations, influenced by environmental factors, are crucial in initiating and flaring systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in genetically predisposed individuals. Understanding these epigenetic changes in T cells is key to unraveling SLE pathogenesis.

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    Published on: June 8, 2022

    Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation
    11:06

    Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation

    Published on: September 20, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Genetics
    • Epigenetics

    Background:

    • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease requiring both genetic predisposition and environmental triggers.
    • Genetic factors alone are insufficient to cause SLE, as evidenced by incomplete twin concordance and differing onset ages.
    • Environmental factors and their mechanisms in SLE pathogenesis remain an area of active investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the role of epigenetic alterations in the development and flares of SLE.
    • To review how epigenetic mechanisms regulate gene expression in T cells relevant to SLE.
    • To highlight the significance of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs in SLE pathogenesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on SLE genetics and environmental factors.
    • Analysis of studies investigating epigenetic modifiers (e.g., procainamide, hydralazine) in lupus.
    • Examination of research on epigenetic changes in T cells of SLE patients and animal models.

    Main Results:

    • Epigenetic modifications, particularly in T cells, are increasingly recognized as critical contributors to SLE.
    • Drugs like procainamide and hydralazine act as epigenetic modifiers, offering insights into SLE mechanisms.
    • Patients with active SLE exhibit epigenetic changes similar to those induced by these drugs.

    Conclusions:

    • Epigenetic alterations are essential for initiating SLE and subsequent disease flares in genetically susceptible individuals.
    • Understanding epigenetic regulation of gene expression is vital for comprehending T cell dysfunction in SLE.
    • DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs are key epigenetic players in SLE pathogenesis that warrant further investigation.