Calprotectin: a protein related to cardiovascular risk in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Kyriaki G Cholidou1, Ioannis D Kostakis, Effrosyni D Manali
1First Respiratory Medicine Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Diseases Hospital, Athens, Greece. kg.cholidou@yahoo.gr
Insights
Calprotectin and hs-CRP are elevated in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, indicating increased cardiovascular risk. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment significantly reduces these inflammatory markers in OSA patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Sleep Medicine
- Inflammation Research
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to increased cardiovascular risk, with elevated inflammatory mediators like hs-CRP.
- Calprotectin, a distinct inflammatory marker, has not been studied in adult OSA patients.
- Investigating calprotectin's role in OSA-related atherogenesis is crucial for understanding cardiovascular risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine calprotectin's role as an inflammatory molecule in adult OSA patients.
- To assess associations between calprotectin, hs-CRP, and lipid profiles in OSA.
- To evaluate changes in atherogenic markers after CPAP treatment in OSA patients.
Main Methods:
- Seventy-four participants underwent polysomnography.
- Blood samples analyzed for calprotectin, hs-CRP, lipids, and glucose.
- Thirty-two OSA patients were reassessed after 6 months of CPAP therapy.
Main Results:
- Calprotectin and hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in moderate and severe OSA patients compared to controls.
- Elevated calprotectin and hs-CRP correlated with OSA severity indicators (apnea-hypopnea index, BMI, low SaO2).
- CPAP treatment led to significant improvements in both calprotectin and hs-CRP levels.
Conclusions:
- Calprotectin shows potential as a novel biomarker for cardiovascular risk in OSA patients.
- Reduced calprotectin and hs-CRP levels post-CPAP suggest a decreased cardiovascular risk.
- Calprotectin offers a distinct inflammatory pathway insight in OSA cardiovascular complications.
Introduction:
Increased levels of inflammatory mediators, such as hs-CRP, have been detected in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and used as cardiovascular risk and disease outcome predictors. Calprotectin is an inflammatory marker regulating atherogenic processes not investigated in adult OSA patients. The aim of the present study as primary objective was to examine the role of calprotectin as an inflammatory molecule, acting through a distinct pathway to the atherogenic process in adult OSA patients and its associations with hs-CRP and the lipidemic profile of the patients. As a secondary objective was the evaluation of the atherogenic markers post-CPAP treatment.
Materials And Methods:
Seventy-four participants underwent full overnight polysomnography. Blood samples were collected for calprotectin, hs-CRP, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL and glucose levels. Thirty-two OSA patients were reexamined 6 months post-CPAP treatment.
Results:
Out of 74 participants included in the study, 33 had moderate OSA, 27 had severe OSA and 14 were controls. Calprotectin and hs-CRP were significantly increased in patients with moderate and severe OSA compared to controls (p<0.0001). Calprotectin and hs-CRP levels were positively correlated with apnea-hypopnea index, BMI and total time of sleep with SaO(2)<90% and inversely correlated with SaO(2) minimum and mean values. Calprotectin and hs-CRP levels were significantly improved post-CPAP treatment (p<0.0001).
Discussion:
Calprotectin may serve as a novel and reliable, biomarker of cardiovascular risk severity in OSA patients. The decrease of calprotectin levels post-CPAP treatment combined with hs-CRP amelioration could provide evidence for reduction of cardiovascular risk post CPAP treatment.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Sleep Apnea
The condition is more prevalent among...
01:19Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
01:25Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
Chronic Inflammation
01:30Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
01:30Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...