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Related Experiment Videos

Skin ageing and immune competence.

J Thivolet1, J F Nicolas

  • 1Clinique Dermatologique, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France.

The British Journal of Dermatology
|April 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Immune function declines with age, leading to reduced skin responses and increased susceptibility to infections and skin cancers in the elderly. Research explores potential interventions like vitamin A to bolster skin immunity.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Aging impairs immune function, notably T-cell and antibody-mediated immunity, increasing autoantibodies and immune complexes.
  • Elderly individuals face heightened risks of skin conditions, including infections, cancers, and viral/fungal diseases, linked to immune deficiencies.
  • Skin's immune response, including delayed-type hypersensitivity and responses to allergens and histamine, diminishes with advanced age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related changes in the skin's immune system.
  • To explore the pathophysiology of immune deficiencies in the elderly skin.
  • To identify potential substances that can stimulate skin immunoactive cells or modify cytokine production.

Main Methods:

  • Review of age-related changes in epidermal immune functions, including Langerhans cells and cytokine production.
  • Analysis of reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions to recall antigens in the elderly.
  • Assessment of decreased sensitivity to contact allergens and inflammatory responses to histamine.

Main Results:

  • Elderly subjects, especially those over 75, show reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions to recall antigens.
  • Sensitivity to contact allergens like dinitrochlorobenzene and cutaneous responses to histamine are decreased in older adults.
  • Age-related changes in epidermal immune cells (Langerhans cells) and reduced cytokine production are observed, with sun-induced aging potentially playing a significant role.

Conclusions:

  • The aging process significantly impacts the skin's immune system, affecting cellular functions and responses.
  • While the exact pathophysiology is unclear, it involves general immune decline and specific epidermal changes, possibly exacerbated by sun exposure.
  • Further research is investigating substances like vitamin A derivatives and interferons to potentially enhance skin immunity in the elderly.

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