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Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

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Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
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Perseverations in Alzheimer's disease: memory slips?

Michele Miozzo1, Simon Fischer-Baum, Elise Caccappolo-van Vliet

  • 1Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, 237 Krieger Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. mm1150@columbia.edu

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|February 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Perseverations in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are linked to working memory deficits, not word retrieval issues. This suggests impaired response monitoring contributes to repeated words in AD patients.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseaseFluency taskPerseverationsWorking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with increased response repetitions in verbal fluency tasks.
  • Perseverations in AD may stem from either word retrieval or working memory impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate the causes of perseverations in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • To investigate whether perseverations are due to word retrieval or working memory deficits.
  • To explore the role of working memory in response monitoring within AD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of verbal fluency task performance in 392 individuals with AD.
  • Examination of the temporal lag between word repetitions.
  • Comparison of observed repetition patterns with predictions derived from working memory and word retrieval theories.

Main Results:

  • Repetitions occurred at significantly longer lags than expected by chance.
  • The observed pattern of repetitions supports the hypothesis that working memory deficits are the primary cause.
  • Perseverations are proposed to originate from impaired working memory mechanisms controlling response monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory deficits, specifically in response monitoring, are strongly implicated in causing perseverations in Alzheimer's disease.
  • Findings contribute to understanding cognitive deficits and neural correlates in AD.
  • This research refines the understanding of verbal fluency impairments in AD.