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Related Concept Videos

Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...

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Updated: May 14, 2026

Isolating, Sequencing and Analyzing Extracellular MicroRNAs from Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
10:55

Isolating, Sequencing and Analyzing Extracellular MicroRNAs from Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: March 8, 2019

Stem cells: insights into the secretome.

Manousos Makridakis1, Maria G Roubelakis, Antonia Vlahou

  • 1Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|February 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Stem cell secretomes, the molecules they release, are crucial for tissue repair and regeneration. Research using proteomics reveals their therapeutic potential for various diseases.

Keywords:
2 Dimensional Differential Gel Electrophoresis2 Dimensional Electrophoresis2D-DIGE2DEAF-MSCsAHFAT tauAcute Hepatic FailureAlzheimer's truncated tauAmniotic Fluid derived Mesenchymal Stem CellsBMSCsBone Marrow derived Mesenchymal Stem CellsCKDCMCSCsCancer Stem cellsChronic Kidney DiseaseConditioned MediumCyr 61Cysteine rich protein 61GROGSCsGeLC-MS/MSGlioblastoma Stem like CellsGrowth Related OncogeneHDGFHPLHUVECHepatic Progenitor-Like cellsHepatoma Derived Growth FactorHuman Umbilical Vein Endothelial CellsIE-MSIFN γIL-8IP-10Interferon gammaInterferon gamma-induced Protein 10Interleukin 8Iterative Exclusion-Mass SpectrometryLeft-right determination factor 1Lefty 1MCP-1MEFMIAMIMSMarrow Isolated Adult Multilineage Inducible cellsMass SpectrometryMonocyte Chemotactic Protein 1Mouse Embryonic FibroblastMurine Mesenchymal Stem CellsNSCsNeural Stem CellsOSMOsteogenic MediumOvxPAI-1Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1ProteomicsSDF-1SDS PAGE combined with Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass SpectrometrySMOC1SPARC related Modular Calcium-binding protein 1SecretomeStem cellsStromal cell-Derived Factor 1TNF-αTumor Necrosis Factor alphaVEGFVascular Endothelial Growth FactorhAFSCshAMSCshASCshBMSCshESCshMADShuman Adipose tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cellshuman Adipose tissue-derived Stem Cellshuman Amniotic Fluid Stem Cellshuman Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cellshuman Embryonic Stem Cellshuman Multipotent Adipose-Derived Stem cellsmESCsmMSCsmurine Embryonic Stem Cellsovariectomized

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Isolating, Sequencing and Analyzing Extracellular MicroRNAs from Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
10:55

Isolating, Sequencing and Analyzing Extracellular MicroRNAs from Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: March 8, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Stem cells are investigated as therapeutic agents for cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer.
  • The cell secretome, comprising secreted molecules, plays a vital role in cell-cell communication and tissue interactions.
  • Cellular functions like proliferation, differentiation, communication, and migration are regulated by the secretome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key findings on stem cell secretomes.
  • To highlight the application of proteomics in studying stem cell secretomes.
  • To discuss the current research landscape in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomics methods are employed to investigate the stem cell secretome.
  • Analysis of secreted molecules from stem cells.

Main Results:

  • The stem cell secretome contains crucial molecules that mediate cell-cell interactions and tissue crosstalk.
  • Proteomics has enabled detailed characterization of the stem cell secretome.
  • Research indicates significant potential for stem cell secretome applications in regenerative medicine.

Conclusions:

  • The stem cell secretome is a critical area of research with therapeutic implications.
  • Proteomics provides powerful tools for understanding stem cell secretome functions.
  • Continued investigation is essential for advancing regenerative medicine strategies.