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School-based prevention programs for depression and anxiety in adolescence: a systematic review
Sandro Corrieri1, Dirk Heider2, Ines Conrad3
1Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany sandro.corrieri@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.
Health Promotion International
|February 5, 2013
Summary
School-based programs show promise in preventing adolescent depression and anxiety. While many interventions are effective, their overall impact on mental health is small, requiring further study on implementation variations.
Area of Science:
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- Public Health
- Educational Psychology
Background:
- Adolescent mental health disorders, including depression and anxiety, are a significant public health concern.
- School-based interventions offer a scalable approach to prevention and early intervention.
- Previous reviews have synthesized evidence on school-based mental health programs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of school-based interventions for preventing depression and anxiety in adolescents.
- To assess the effectiveness and effect sizes of these interventions.
- To identify factors influencing intervention outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of RCTs published from 2000 to May 2011.
- Searches conducted in PubMed, Scirus, OVID, and ISI databases.
- Analysis of 28 eligible studies reporting on depression and anxiety prevention.
Main Results:
- A majority of interventions demonstrated effectiveness for both depression (65%) and anxiety (73%).
- Overall mean effect sizes were small (e.g., CDI: -0.12, RCMAS: -0.29).
- Variability in program implementation may impact effectiveness.
Conclusions:
- School-based interventions are largely effective in reducing or preventing adolescent mental disorders.
- The small effect sizes indicate a need for optimizing intervention strategies.
- Future research should focus on the impact of implementation fidelity and variations.
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