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Related Concept Videos

Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...

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Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source
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On-demand semiconductor single-photon source with near-unity indistinguishability.

Yu-Ming He1, Yu He, Yu-Jia Wei

  • 1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.

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Summary

Semiconductor quantum dots generate high-quality single photons on demand. This research demonstrates their potential for quantum computing and networks with high indistinguishability and a controlled-NOT gate implementation.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Solid-State Physics
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Semiconductor quantum dots are promising for quantum information due to scalability and brightness.
  • High efficiency and indistinguishability are crucial for quantum computing and networks.
  • Pulsed resonance fluorescence is theoretically optimal for deterministic, high-quality photon generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To deterministically generate high-quality single photons on demand from a single quantum dot.
  • To achieve high indistinguishability and low background photon emission.
  • To demonstrate the utility of these photons in quantum information processing tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a single, microcavity-embedded quantum dot.
  • Employed pulsed resonance fluorescence with 3 ps laser pulses under s-shell excitation.
  • Performed non-postselective Hong-Ou-Mandel interference measurements.
  • Implemented a quantum controlled-NOT gate using two emitted photons.

Main Results:

  • Generated pulsed single photons on demand with <0.3% background contribution.
  • Observed vanishing two-photon emission probability.
  • Achieved a Hong-Ou-Mandel interference visibility of 0.97(2), rivaling trapped atoms/ions.
  • Demonstrated a high-fidelity quantum controlled-NOT gate.

Conclusions:

  • Microcavity-embedded quantum dots are a viable platform for generating indistinguishable single photons.
  • Pulsed resonance fluorescence enables deterministic, high-quality photon emission.
  • These results pave the way for scalable solid-state quantum networks and optical quantum computing.