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Related Concept Videos

Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...

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Chiral one- and two-dimensional silver(I)-biotin coordination polymers.

Muhammad Altaf1, Helen Stoeckli-Evans

  • 1Institute of Physics, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland. altaf_dr@hotmail.com

Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Crystal Structure Communications
|February 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study explores the synthesis of novel chiral coordination polymers using biotin and various silver salts. The resulting structures exhibit diverse dimensionalities and coordination environments, influenced by the counter-anions and biotin conformation.

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Area of Science:

  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Biotin, a vital B vitamin, possesses a unique structure with potential for coordination chemistry.
  • Silver(I) ions are known to form diverse coordination polymers with various organic ligands.
  • Understanding the self-assembly of biotin-based coordination polymers can lead to new functional materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel chiral coordination polymers of biotin with silver(I) ions.
  • To investigate the influence of different counter-anions on the dimensionality and structure of these polymers.
  • To explore the coordination modes of biotin and the resulting network topologies.

Main Methods:

  • Reaction of biotin with different silver(I) salts (acetate, nitrate, perchlorate, hexafluoridophosphate, hexafluoridoantimonate).
  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction for structural determination of the coordination polymers.
  • Analysis of coordination environments, network structures, and intermolecular interactions.

Main Results:

  • Formation of a 2D neutral polymer {[Ag(L)]·3H(2)O}(n) with silver acetate.
  • Synthesis of 1D coordination polymers with nitrate and perchlorate anions, {[Ag(2)(NO(3))(2)(HL)(2)]·H(2)O}(n) and [Ag(2)(ClO(4))(2)(HL)(2)](n).
  • Generation of chiral double-stranded helical structures with non-coordinating anions, {[Ag(HL)(2)](PF(6))}(n) and {[Ag(HL)(2)](SbF(6))}(n).
  • Varied Ag(I) coordination from trigonal to tetrahedral and square-pyramidal.
  • Influence of anion type and biotin conformation on solid-state structures and network formation.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of counter-anion significantly dictates the dimensionality and structural motif of biotin-silver coordination polymers.
  • Biotin can act as a versatile ligand, coordinating through sulfur and oxygen atoms.
  • The study highlights the formation of intricate chiral networks stabilized by various non-covalent interactions.