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Related Concept Videos

Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps01:19

Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps

The pre-procedure steps of handwashing include removing jewelry and rolling up sleeves. However, many organizations allow staff to wear wedding rings.
The hand washing procedure itself includes the following steps. First, cover cuts, if any, on hands with a waterproof dressing. Cuts and abrasions can become contaminated with bacteria hindering the ability to clean the area thoroughly. In addition, repeated hand washing can worsen an injury.  The nails must be short and clean, without nail paint...
Handwashing III: During the Procedure and Post-Procedure Steps01:15

Handwashing III: During the Procedure and Post-Procedure Steps

To wash hands properly, follow these steps:
Handwashing I: Introduction and Types of Equipment01:18

Handwashing I: Introduction and Types of Equipment

Handwashing is hand hygiene with plain or antimicrobial soap and water to physically remove dirt, organic material, and microorganisms. However, it may not kill all microorganisms. The handwashing procedure requires a hand wash basin, liquid soap, paper towels, a domestic waste bin, and disposable nail cleaner as optional equipment.
Hand wash basins in clinical areas should have faucets that can be turned on and off without using the hands; that is, they should be non-touch or lever-operated.
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

A Method to Test the Efficacy of Handwashing for the Removal of Emerging Infectious Pathogens
09:02

A Method to Test the Efficacy of Handwashing for the Removal of Emerging Infectious Pathogens

Published on: June 7, 2017

Improving physician hand hygiene compliance using behavioural theories: a study protocol.

Janet E Squires1, Kathryn N Suh, Stefanie Linklater

  • 1Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. jasquires@ohri.ca

Implementation Science : IS
|February 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Physician hand hygiene compliance is suboptimal, leading to healthcare-associated infections. This study identifies barriers and enablers to improve compliance through a theory-based knowledge translation intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare epidemiology
  • Infection prevention and control
  • Behavioral science in medicine

Background:

  • Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) affect 10% of patients in Canadian hospitals, causing significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Hand hygiene is a critical, yet underutilized, measure to prevent HAIs.
  • Physician compliance with hand hygiene protocols remains consistently suboptimal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify barriers and enablers influencing physician hand hygiene compliance.
  • To develop and pilot a theory-based knowledge translation intervention aimed at enhancing physician hand hygiene practices.

Main Methods:

  • Phase 1: Key informant interviews, nonparticipant observation of audits, and expert focus groups to identify barriers and enablers.
  • Phase 2: Intervention mapping using behavioral theory to design a knowledge translation intervention.
  • Phase 3: Pilot testing of the developed intervention in four patient care units.

Main Results:

  • (Study not yet completed - results pending)
  • (Study not yet completed - results pending)
  • (Study not yet completed - results pending)

Conclusions:

  • A behavioral theory approach will elucidate factors affecting physician hand hygiene compliance.
  • Findings will inform the development of effective knowledge translation interventions.
  • The piloted intervention will be refined for future multi-site cluster randomized controlled trials.