Localized Ewing sarcoma of the tibia.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Orthopedic Oncology
• Pediatric Oncology

Background:

• Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a high-grade malignant bone tumor typically presenting with extraosseous soft tissue extension.
• The characteristic genetic hallmark of ES is the t(11;22) translocation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of localized Ewing sarcoma.
• To investigate the prognostic implications of ES presenting without soft tissue infiltration.

Main Methods:

• Case report detailing clinical, radiological, and pathological findings of two patients with localized tibial Ewing sarcoma.
• Genetic analysis confirming the presence of the t(11;22) translocation.
• Long-term follow-up (6 years) to assess recurrence and metastasis.

Main Results:

• Two male patients with tibial Ewing sarcoma exhibited extensive osseous involvement but no infiltration beyond the periosteum.
• Both cases possessed the characteristic t(11;22) translocation.
• No tumor recurrence or metastasis was observed in either case during the 6-year follow-up period.

Conclusions:

• Ewing sarcoma exhibits heterogeneity in its clinical behavior.
• Localized Ewing sarcoma, characterized by limited local spread, is associated with a good prognosis.
• The findings suggest that localized ES may represent a distinct clinical entity with a favorable outcome.