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Related Concept Videos

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...
Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration in Response to Ionizing Irradiation
09:10

Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration in Response to Ionizing Irradiation

Published on: July 27, 2022

Small intestinal stem cells.

Stephanie L King1, Christopher M Dekaney

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|February 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers have identified two distinct intestinal stem cell (ISC) populations. New tools like surface markers and mouse models now enable better study of ISC biology and their niche interactions.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration in Response to Ionizing Irradiation
09:10

Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration in Response to Ionizing Irradiation

Published on: July 27, 2022

Improved Swiss-rolling Technique for Intestinal Tissue Preparation for Immunohistochemical and Immunofluorescent Analyses
07:42

Improved Swiss-rolling Technique for Intestinal Tissue Preparation for Immunohistochemical and Immunofluorescent Analyses

Published on: July 13, 2016

3D Culturing of Organoids from the Intestinal Villi Epithelium Undergoing Dedifferentiation
06:40

3D Culturing of Organoids from the Intestinal Villi Epithelium Undergoing Dedifferentiation

Published on: April 1, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are crucial for maintaining the gastrointestinal lining.
  • Understanding ISC heterogeneity and their niche is vital for regenerative medicine.
  • Previous research faced limitations due to a lack of specific ISC markers and in vitro culture methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of small intestinal stem cell biology.
  • To summarize the available tools for studying intestinal stem cells (ISCs).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent publications and existing research.
  • Analysis of novel surface markers and transgenic mouse models.
  • Evaluation of advancements in in vitro culture techniques for ISCs.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports two distinct populations of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) within crypts.
  • Development of surface markers and mouse models has improved ISC isolation and characterization.
  • In vitro culture conditions now permit detailed study of ISC function and dynamics.
  • The influence of the ISC niche (fibroblasts, bacteria, lymphoid cells, Paneth cells) on ISCs is increasingly understood.

Conclusions:

  • This review provides historical context on the delineation of two ISC populations.
  • Key ISC markers are discussed, highlighting their role in isolation and characterization.
  • Advances in tools and techniques are enhancing our comprehension of ISC biology.