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Related Concept Videos

Motor Units01:13

Motor Units

The motor unit is a fundamental component of the neuromuscular system and plays a crucial role in coordinating muscle contractions. It consists of a somatic motor neuron, which connects and controls multiple skeletal muscle fibers, forming a single functional segment. The axon of the motor neuron branches out and establishes synaptic connections known as neuromuscular junctions with individual muscle fibers within the motor unit.
Motor units come in different sizes, with smaller units...
Motor Units00:46

Motor Units

A motor unit consists of two main components: a single efferent motor neuron (i.e., a neuron that carries impulses away from the central nervous system) and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. The motor neuron may innervate multiple muscle fibers, which are single cells, but only one motor neuron innervates a single muscle fiber.
Estimation of the Physical Quantities01:05

Estimation of the Physical Quantities

On many occasions, physicists, other scientists, and engineers need to make estimates of a particular quantity. These are sometimes referred to as guesstimates, order-of-magnitude approximations, back-of-the-envelope calculations, or Fermi calculations. The physicist Enrico Fermi was famous for his ability to estimate various kinds of data with surprising precision. Estimating does not mean guessing a number or a formula at random. Instead, estimation means using prior experience and sound...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Assessing Rat Diaphragm Motor Unit Connectivity Outcome Measures as Quantitative Biomarkers of Phrenic Motor Neuron Degeneration and Compensation
06:08

Assessing Rat Diaphragm Motor Unit Connectivity Outcome Measures as Quantitative Biomarkers of Phrenic Motor Neuron Degeneration and Compensation

Published on: April 19, 2024

Far-field potentials in hypothenar motor unit number estimation.

Mana Higashihara1, Masahiro Sonoo, Tomotaka Yamamoto

  • 1Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, National Defense Medical College, Namiki 3-2, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama 3598513, Japan.

Muscle & Nerve
|February 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Far-field potentials (FFPs) can contaminate motor unit number estimation (MUNE) in the ulnar nerve. Differentiating non-ADM SMUPs, often from FFPs, is crucial for accurate MUNE, especially in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) patients.

Keywords:
abductor digiti minimi musclefar-field potentialsmotor unit number estimationspinal and bulbar muscular atrophyulnar nerve

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Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles
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Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles

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CMAP Scan MUNE (MScan) - A Novel Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Method
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CMAP Scan MUNE (MScan) - A Novel Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Method

Published on: June 7, 2018

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Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Assessing Rat Diaphragm Motor Unit Connectivity Outcome Measures as Quantitative Biomarkers of Phrenic Motor Neuron Degeneration and Compensation
06:08

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Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles
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Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles

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CMAP Scan MUNE (MScan) - A Novel Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Method
08:25

CMAP Scan MUNE (MScan) - A Novel Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Method

Published on: June 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Far-field potentials (FFPs) can contaminate motor unit number estimation (MUNE) in the ulnar nerve.
  • Accurate MUNE is essential for diagnosing neuromuscular disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of surface motor unit potentials (SMUPs) in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) patients and controls.
  • To assess the impact of non-ADM SMUPs, potentially from FFPs, on MUNE accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Classified SMUPs from 29 SBMA patients and 27 controls into abductor digiti minimi muscle (ADM) SMUPs and non-ADM SMUPs using 3-channel recordings.
  • Analyzed waveform patterns and amplitudes of ADM and non-ADM SMUPs.

Main Results:

  • Non-ADM SMUPs were more frequent in SBMA patients (84%) compared to controls (68%).
  • Mean areas of ADM SMUPs were significantly larger in SBMA patients (1988.9 μVms) than in controls (219.0 μVms).
  • Non-ADM SMUPs often exhibited a negative onset and were indistinguishable from ADM SMUPs.

Conclusions:

  • Non-ADM SMUPs, likely originating from FFPs, can be mistaken for true ADM SMUPs.
  • Excluding smaller non-ADM SMUPs based on size criteria may reduce the diagnostic accuracy of MUNE.
  • Further refinement of MUNE techniques is needed to mitigate FFP contamination.