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Published on: August 21, 2013
[Cancer in children from Chiapas state]
Guadalupe González-Miranda1, Rogelio Carreón-Cruz, Arturo Fajardo-Gutiérrez
1Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clinica, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, México. mariamiranda06@yahoo.com.mx
Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social
|February 7, 2013
Summary
Chiapas registered 209 childhood cancer cases, with leukemias, CNS tumors, and lymphomas being most common. The region showed the highest overall childhood cancer incidence, particularly for retinoblastoma.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Context:
- Childhood cancer incidence varies globally.
- Understanding regional cancer patterns is crucial for targeted interventions.
- Chiapas, Mexico, presents a unique epidemiological profile for childhood malignancies.
Purpose:
- To analyze the incidence and types of childhood cancers in Chiapas from 1996-2007.
- To identify specific cancer types with high prevalence in the region.
- To examine demographic and staging characteristics of pediatric cancers in Chiapas.
Summary:
- A total of 209 childhood cancer cases were recorded in Chiapas between 1996 and 2007.
- Leukemias (32.1%), central nervous system tumors (CNST, 18.2%), and lymphomas (10.0%) constituted 60.3% of cases.
- Chiapas exhibited the highest overall childhood cancer incidence (174.2/1,000,000), with elevated rates for CNST, retinoblastoma (Rb), germ cell tumors, and carcinomas.
- Retinoblastoma (Rb) showed the highest frequency (9.6%) in Chiapas.
- The highest incidence was observed in children under five years old, with a male/female ratio of 1.1.
- A decreasing trend in incidence was noted (average annual percent change -9.8%).
- 58.7% of children with solid tumors were diagnosed at advanced stages (III or IV).
Impact:
- This study highlights Chiapas as a region with a high burden of childhood cancer, particularly specific types like retinoblastoma.
- Findings underscore the need for enhanced diagnostic and treatment strategies for pediatric cancers in the region.
- The data provides a baseline for future research and public health initiatives aimed at reducing childhood cancer morbidity and mortality in Chiapas.
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