Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Menopause

Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...

Bone Disorders

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

Aging

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Dual amylin and calcitonin receptor agonists as multifaceted disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs.

International journal of obesity (2005)·2026

Same author

The Danish National Survey of Diet and Physical Activity (DANSDA) 2021-2024: Study Design and Participants Characteristics.

Nutrients·2026

Same author

Correction: Predictive value of BMD for hip and other fractures: a meta-analysis to update FRAX.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2026

Same author

Correction: A meta-analysis of previous falls and subsequent fracture risk in cohort studies.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2026

Same author

Predictive value of BMD for hip and other fractures: a meta-analysis to update FRAX.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2026

Same author

A meta-analysis of smoking and fracture risk to update the FRAX® tool.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

Menopause, estrogens and frailty.

Anders Nedergaard¹, Kim Henriksen, Morten Asser Karsdal

¹Nordic Bioscience - Biomarkers and Research (Part of CCBR Group), Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark. afn@nordicbioscience.com

Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology

|February 7, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Menopausal hormone therapy may benefit women, particularly during perimenopause. Estrogen therapy supports musculoskeletal health and improves recovery from injury or illness.

More Related Videos

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Published on: April 7, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Published on: April 7, 2023

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Gerontology
Musculoskeletal Health

Background:

The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trials led to a decline in menopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use.
However, HRT's benefits, especially estrogen therapy for perimenopausal and non-obese women, are increasingly supported by evidence.
Menopause significantly impacts musculoskeletal tissue mass and quality, affecting health and quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

To re-evaluate the role of estrogen therapy in menopausal women.
To explore estrogen's effects on musculoskeletal health and adaptation to stressors.
To assess HRT's potential in rehabilitation after critical illness or injury.

Main Methods:

Review of existing evidence contesting WHI trial results.
Analysis of physiological effects of estrogen on connective tissues.
Examination of estrogen's role in musculoskeletal adaptation to mechanical and metabolic stimuli.

Main Results:

Estrogen therapy may benefit perimenopausal and non-obese women.
Estrogen prevents significant loss of musculoskeletal tissue mass and quality post-menopause.
Estrogen supports musculoskeletal tissue adaptation to exercise and loading.

Conclusions:

Estrogen therapy offers protective effects on musculoskeletal tissues.
Normophysiological estrogen levels are crucial for adapting to physical stressors.
Estrogen therapy can enhance functional recovery and independence after musculoskeletal disuse.