Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Plane Electromagnetic Waves I01:30

Plane Electromagnetic Waves I

The existence of combined electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space as electromagnetic (EM) waves is the most significant prediction of Maxwell's equations. As Maxwell's equations hold in free space, the predicted electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for their propagation. An EM wave comprises an electric field, defined as the force per charge on a stationary charge, and a magnetic field, which is the force per charge on a moving charge.
The EM field is assumed to be a...
Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation01:10

Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation

Electromagnetic (EM) radiation consists of electric and magnetic field components oscillating in planes perpendicular to each other and mutually perpendicular to radiation propagation through space. EM radiation can be classified as a wave, characterized by the properties of waves such as wavelength (denoted as λ) and frequency (represented by ν).
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks (the highest point) or troughs (the lowest point) in the wave. Frequency is the number of...
Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency01:11

Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency

The earth's gravitational field produces a 'twisting force' perpendicular to the angular momentum of a spinning mass (such as a spinning top) that causes the mass to 'wobble' around the gravitational field axis in a phenomenon called precession. Similarly, the magnetic moment (μ) of a spinning nucleus precesses due to an external magnetic field directed along the z-axis. The precession of the magnetic moment vector about the magnetic field is called Larmor precession, and the angular frequency...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
The Power Superposition Principle01:19

The Power Superposition Principle

Consider a circuit with two sinusoidal voltage sources. Each one influences the circuit independently, and the superposition principle helps us understand the combined effect by adding up the responses from each source.
Momentum And Radiation Pressure01:20

Momentum And Radiation Pressure

An object absorbing an electromagnetic wave would experience a force in the direction of propagation of the wave. This force occurs because electromagnetic waves contain and transport momentum. The force accounts for the wave's radiation pressure exerted on the object. Maxwell's prediction was confirmed in 1903 by Nichols and Hull by precisely measuring radiation pressures with a torsion balance. The measuring instrument had mirrors suspended from a fiber kept inside a glass container. Nichols...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ocular Speech Tracking Persists in Blindness, but Its Dynamics and Oculo-Cerebral Connectivity Depend on Visual Status.

eNeuro·2026
Same author

Neural and autonomic regulation during brief mindfulness and relaxation interventions in clinical populations: a multimodal MEG study protocol.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2026
Same author

Specimen PET-CT Imaging for Intraoperative Margin Assessment in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: The BrIMA Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA surgery·2026
Same author

The PET tracer [<sup>11</sup>C]MODAG-005 targets alpha-synuclein aggregates in the brain.

Science translational medicine·2026
Same author

Reply to: "No evidence of neural feature-specific pre-activation during the prediction of an upcoming stimulus".

Nature communications·2026
Same author

One-step generation of T-cell receptor knock-in mice in the TCRβ locus.

The EMBO journal·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

Cosmic microwave background power asymmetry from non-Gaussian modulation.

Fabian Schmidt1, Lam Hui

  • 1Theoretical Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Mail Code 350-17, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|February 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Non-Gaussianity in cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra can cause large-angle modulation, mimicking power asymmetry. This effect, significant even with typical perturbations, constrains inflationary models with non-Bunch-Davies initial states.

More Related Videos

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Inflationary Theory
  • Cosmic Microwave Background

Background:

  • Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) power spectrum anomalies, like power asymmetry, are often attributed to a breakdown of statistical isotropy.
  • Non-Gaussianity in primordial perturbations can naturally lead to large-angle modulations of the CMB power spectrum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate non-Gaussianity as an alternative explanation for observed power asymmetry in the CMB.
  • To explore the implications of infrared-divergent bispectra in inflationary models for CMB power asymmetry.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzing the coupling between observable and superhorizon modes due to non-Gaussianity.
  • Investigating the squeezed limit of the bispectrum for infrared divergence in non-Bunch-Davies initial state models.
  • Constraining inflationary model parameters using upper limits on CMB power asymmetry.

Main Results:

  • Non-Gaussianity can induce a significant large-angle modulation of the CMB power spectrum, mimicking power asymmetry.
  • This effect is possible even for typical perturbation amplitudes (~10^-5) if the bispectrum is sufficiently infrared divergent.
  • Models with non-Bunch-Davies initial states can exhibit such infrared-divergent bispectra.

Conclusions:

  • Non-Gaussianity provides a viable alternative origin for CMB power asymmetry, distinct from a violation of statistical isotropy.
  • Stringent constraints on the duration of inflation arise from CMB power asymmetry limits in models with infrared-divergent bispectra.