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Electronic victimization: correlates, antecedents, and consequences among elementary and middle school students
Christina Salmivalli1, Miia Sainio, Ernest V E Hodges
1Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. tiina.salmivalli@utu.fi
Summary
Electronic bullying is rare and usually occurs alongside traditional bullying. It only increases depression when combined with traditional forms, highlighting the need to address all bullying.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Education
Background:
- Bullying is a significant issue affecting students.
- The rise of electronic communication necessitates understanding cyberbullying.
- Research is needed to differentiate electronic and traditional bullying impacts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the prevalence of electronic-only, traditional-only, and combined bullying victimization.
- To investigate the antecedents and consequences of electronic versus traditional victimization.
- To determine if electronic victimization, in isolation or combination, impacts depression.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a large dataset of 17,625 elementary and middle school students.
- Employed a longitudinal subsample of 7,850 students for detailed analysis.
- Examined diverse victimization profiles and their risk factors and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Electronic bullying victims almost always experience traditional bullying as well.
- Electronic-only victimization was not predicted by intrapersonal or interpersonal risk factors.
- Electronic victimization alone did not increase depression; combined forms did.
Conclusions:
- Electronic victimization is infrequent and typically co-occurs with traditional bullying.
- Interventions should focus on reducing all forms of victimization, not just electronic.
- Addressing combined traditional and electronic bullying is crucial for student mental health.
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