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Consequences of prematurity on adult morbidities

P Roggero1, M L Giannì, F Garbarino

  • 1Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Department of Clinical Science and Comunity Health, Fondazione IRCCS "Ca' Granda" Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via Commenda 12, 20122 Milan, Italy.

European Journal of Internal Medicine
|February 7, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Premature birth disrupts organ development, increasing risks for adult cardiovascular, kidney, respiratory, metabolic diseases, and neurodevelopmental disabilities. Early life adaptation to environmental challenges has long-term health costs.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Perinatal medicine
  • Longitudinal health outcomes

Background:

  • Early life events significantly influence adult disease development.
  • Developmental adaptation for survival can incur long-term health costs.
  • Preterm birth disrupts normal organogenesis, impacting multiple organ systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the long-term effects of prematurity on adult health.
  • To examine the impact of preterm birth on cardiovascular, kidney, respiratory, and metabolic diseases.
  • To assess neurodevelopmental disabilities associated with preterm birth.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on preterm birth and later-life health outcomes.
  • Analysis of organogenesis disruption in premature infants.
  • Synthesis of evidence linking prematurity to adult morbidities and disabilities.

Main Results:

  • Preterm birth is associated with significant risks for adult cardiovascular diseases.
  • Kidney, respiratory, and metabolic dysfunctions are common long-term consequences of prematurity.
  • Neurodevelopmental impairments are frequently observed in individuals born preterm.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm birth poses a substantial lifelong health burden.
  • Understanding these long-term risks is crucial for clinical management and preventative strategies.
  • Further research is needed to mitigate the adverse health consequences of prematurity.

Keywords:
Long term healthPrematurityProgramming

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