Multidimensional quantum information based on single-photon temporal wavepackets
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Updated: May 14, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
Published on: September 5, 2019
Alex Hayat1, Xingxing Xing, Amir Feizpour
1Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, and Institute for Optical Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto ON, M5S 1A7, Canada.
Abstract:
We propose a multidimensional quantum information encoding approach based on temporal modulation of single photons, where the Hilbert space can be spanned by an in-principle infinite set of orthonormal temporal profiles. We analyze two specific realizations of such modulation schemes, and show that error rate per symbol can be smaller than 1% for practical implementations. Temporal modulation may enable multidimensional quantum communication over the existing fiber optical infrastructure, as well as provide an avenue for probing high-dimensional entanglement approaching the continuous limit.
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