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High-Speed Magnetic Tweezers for Nanomechanical Measurements on Force-Sensitive Elements

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High-speed and high-efficiency superconducting nanowire single photon detector array.

D Rosenberg¹, A J Kerman, R J Molnar

¹MIT Lincoln Laboratory, 244 Wood Street, Lexington, Massachusetts 02420, USA. drosenberg@ll.mit.edu

|February 8, 2013

Summary

Researchers developed a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) system achieving high efficiency, low noise, and high speed. This breakthrough overcomes previous tradeoffs for single-photon detection applications.

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Area of Science:

Quantum Optics and Photonics
Superconducting Devices

Background:

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are crucial for detecting single photons, offering high efficiency, low noise, and high speed.
Simultaneously achieving all these performance metrics has been challenging due to inherent detector limitations and operational tradeoffs.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an SNSPD system that overcomes previous limitations and achieves simultaneous high efficiency, low noise, and high speed.
To present a validated model for quantifying detection efficiency losses related to detector recovery time.

Main Methods:

Developed and characterized an SNSPD system for single-photon detection.
Implemented a model to analyze and quantify the impact of detector recovery time on detection efficiency.
Validated the model using experimental data, including measurements at high photon flux rates.

Main Results:

Achieved <80 ps timing resolution, kHz noise count rates, and 76% fiber-coupled system detection efficiency at 1550 nm in the low-flux limit.
Demonstrated improved performance tradeoffs, reaching 68% system detection efficiency under high flux (100 million photons/sec), accounting for recovery time losses.
The developed model accurately predicts detection efficiency penalties due to recovery time.

Conclusions:

The reported SNSPD system successfully integrates high efficiency, low noise, and high speed, surpassing previous limitations.
The validated model provides a crucial tool for understanding and mitigating detection efficiency losses in high-flux scenarios.
The system's capabilities, including limited photon number resolution and cryogen-free operation, enable scalability for advanced imaging and GHz-count-rate applications.