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Quantitative Analysis of Vacuum Induction Melting by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

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Published on: June 10, 2019

Intracavity widely-tunable quantum cascade laser spectrometer.

Richard A Brownsword¹, Damien Weidmann

¹Space Science & Technology Department, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK.

|February 8, 2013

Summary

This study presents an extended-cavity quantum cascade laser (EC-QCL) for enhanced gas sensing. The laser shows increased absorption sensitivity for detecting trace gases like dimethyl carbonate.

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Area of Science:

Spectroscopy
Laser Physics
Chemical Sensing

Background:

Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are versatile mid-infrared sources.
Extended-cavity configurations enhance tunability and power.
Intracavity absorption offers potential for improved gas detection sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

To assemble and characterize a grating-tuned extended-cavity quantum cascade laser (EC-QCL) for gas sensing applications.
To investigate the effect of intracavity broadband absorption on EC-QCL performance.
To develop a quantitative method for measuring trace gas concentrations using the EC-QCL.

Main Methods:

Construction of a grating-tuned EC-QCL operating at 7.6 µm.
Inclusion of a gas cell within the laser cavity to study intracavity absorption.
Development and application of a QCL rate-equation model incorporating intracavity absorption effects.
Utilizing phase-sensitive detection of laser threshold current for quantitative measurements.

Main Results:

The EC-QCL demonstrated a tuning range of ~80 cm⁻¹ and output power up to 30 mW.
Enhanced absorption was observed for a broadband gas mixture inside the cavity compared to single-pass absorption.
The rate-equation model qualitatively reproduced the observed absorption behavior.
Quantitative measurements of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) mixing ratios were achieved.
A detection limit of 1.4 ppmv for DMC was estimated with 10-second integration.

Conclusions:

Intracavity absorption significantly enhances the sensitivity of EC-QCLs for gas detection.
Phase-sensitive detection of laser threshold current is an effective method for quantitative trace gas analysis.
The developed EC-QCL system shows promise for sensitive and selective detection of broadband absorbers.