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Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
Selectins01:25

Selectins

Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
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Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: October 9, 2014

Distinct CD44 splice variants differentially affect collateral artery growth.

Pieter T Bot1, Sebastian Grundmann, Niels van Royen

  • 1Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Current Vascular Pharmacology
|February 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary

The adhesion molecule CD44, particularly exon v3, is crucial for collateral artery growth (arteriogenesis). Its absence impairs this process, while its presence, especially with CD44s, improves blood flow restoration.

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Published on: March 3, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Collateral artery growth (arteriogenesis) is vital for restoring blood flow after arterial occlusion.
  • The adhesion molecule CD44 plays a role in arteriogenesis, but the specific contribution of its alternatively spliced variants is unclear.
  • Variant exon CD44v3 binds growth factors, suggesting a potential role in arteriogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of alternatively spliced CD44 variants, especially CD44v3, in arteriogenesis.
  • To determine how different CD44 isoforms affect collateral artery development and blood flow restoration.

Main Methods:

  • Murine hindlimb ischemia model with femoral artery ligation.
  • Analysis of CD44 and its splicing factor expression using qPCR and histology.
  • Assessment of blood flow restoration via microsphere perfusion in various CD44 isoform knockout mice.

Main Results:

  • CD44 and CD44v3 mRNA expression increased post-ligation, localized to growing collateral vessels.
  • Mice lacking variably spliced CD44 exons (CD44s) showed significantly reduced perfusion restoration.
  • Expression of CD44v3 improved perfusion compared to its absence, with synergistic effects when combined with CD44s.

Conclusions:

  • Upregulation of CD44 and CD44v3 occurs during arteriogenesis.
  • The variably spliced exon region of CD44 is essential for effective arteriogenesis.
  • CD44v3 isoform enhances arteriogenesis, with combined CD44s and CD44v3 expression showing synergistic benefits.
  • Further investigation into CD44v2's role is warranted due to incomplete perfusion restoration.