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[Poisoning with oleander leaves].

G A Romano1, G Mombelli

  • 1Reparto di medicina, Ospedale distrettuale, Locarno.

Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift
|April 21, 1990
PubMed
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Oleander (Nerium oleander) ingestion caused digitalis intoxication, confirmed by serum digoxin levels. Digoxin radioimmunoassay identified oleander poisoning, but cannot predict toxicity severity.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Oleander (Nerium oleander) is a toxic plant containing cardiac glycosides.
  • Digitalis intoxication can result from ingestion of oleander leaves.
  • Accurate diagnosis and management are crucial for patient outcomes.

Observation:

  • A 37-year-old woman ingested seven oleander leaves in a suicide attempt.
  • She presented with symptoms consistent with digitalis intoxication.
  • Her serum digoxin level was measured at 5.69 nmol/l upon hospital admission.

Findings:

  • Digoxin radioimmunoassay proved useful in confirming oleander poisoning.
  • The measured serum digoxin level did not predict the severity of toxicity.
  • The patient's clinical course was uneventful, suggesting successful management.

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Implications:

  • Digoxin radioimmunoassay is a valuable tool for diagnosing oleander-induced digitalis toxicity.
  • Further research into predicting toxicity severity from serum levels is warranted.
  • Digoxin-specific Fab-antibody fragments may be a potential therapeutic option for severe cases.