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Related Concept Videos

Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
Dissociative Fugue
A hallmark feature of dissociative disorders is the dissociative fugue...
Dissociative Identity Disorder01:30

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
Dissociative Amnesia01:21

Dissociative Amnesia

Dissociative amnesia is a complex psychological condition that manifests as an inability to recall personal information, often tied to traumatic or stressful events. Unlike general amnesia, individuals with this condition retain the ability to perform routine activities and procedural tasks, such as operating a phone or navigating public transportation, yet experience profound gaps in autobiographical memory. These lapses may encompass significant life events, such as suicide attempts or...
Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid

Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...

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Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
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Dissociative disorders in DSM-5.

David Spiegel1, Roberto Lewis-Fernández, Ruth Lanius

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94304-5718, USA. dspiegel@stanford.edu

Annual Review of Clinical Psychology
|February 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) proposes changes to dissociative disorders, including cultural adaptations for dissociative identity disorder and new subtypes for dissociative amnesia and depersonalization disorder.

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Published on: July 1, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a key resource for diagnosing mental health conditions.
  • Previous editions have faced criticism for their classification of dissociative and conversion disorders.
  • Evolving research necessitates updates to diagnostic criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the rationale and proposed revisions for dissociative disorders and conversion disorder in the DSM-5.
  • To enhance the diagnostic applicability and accuracy of these classifications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research literature on dissociative disorders and conversion disorder.
  • Analysis of epidemiological and neuroimaging data.
  • Proposal of specific changes to diagnostic criteria.

Main Results:

  • Dissociative identity disorder criteria expanded to include possession, improving cultural relevance.
  • Dissociative fugue recognized as a subtype of dissociative amnesia.
  • Depersonalization disorder criteria expanded to include derealization.
  • A dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is recommended based on neurobiological evidence.
  • Conversion disorder remains classified under somatic symptom disorders despite dissociative comorbidity.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed DSM-5 changes aim to refine the understanding and diagnosis of dissociative disorders.
  • New classifications reflect advancements in research, particularly concerning PTSD and dissociative phenomena.
  • Conversion disorder's placement highlights ongoing debate regarding its relationship with dissociative disorders.