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Related Concept Videos

Electrophoresis: Overview01:20

Electrophoresis: Overview

Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
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Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
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Updated: May 14, 2026

The Fabrication and Operation of a Continuous Flow, Micro-Electroporation System with Permeabilization Detection
10:34

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Electro-driven extraction across a polymer inclusion membrane in a flow-through cell.

Hong Heng See1, Simone Stratz, Peter C Hauser

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, 4056 Basel, Switzerland. hhsee@ibnusina.utm.my

Journal of Chromatography. A
|February 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A novel flow-through system using electrodriven extraction across polymer inclusion membranes efficiently isolates glyphosate and its metabolite. This method offers high recovery and sensitivity for environmental water analysis.

Keywords:
Capillary electrophoresisContactless conductivity detectionElectro-membrane extractionGlyphosatePolymer inclusion membrane

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) offer selective analyte transport.
  • Electrodriven extraction enhances separation efficiency.
  • Analysis of herbicides like glyphosate in environmental samples requires sensitive methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a flow-through electrodriven extraction system using PIMs.
  • To optimize the system for the simultaneous extraction of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid.
  • To assess the method's efficiency, enrichment factors, and limits of detection.

Main Methods:

  • A flow-through cell with a 20μm PIM (cellulose triacetate, o-nitrophenyl octyl ether, Aliquat 336) was utilized.
  • Electrodriven extraction was performed with continuous sample introduction and stagnant acceptor solution.
  • Analysis of extracted analytes was conducted using capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection.

Main Results:

  • High extraction efficiencies (>87%) for glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid were achieved within 10 minutes.
  • Significant enrichment factors (up to 95) and low limits of detection (down to 43 pg/mL) were obtained.
  • Good intra- and interday reproducibility (6-7%) was observed for spiked river water samples.

Conclusions:

  • The developed flow-through electrodriven extraction system is effective for the sensitive determination of glyphosate and its metabolite.
  • The method demonstrates high efficiency and enrichment capabilities for environmental water analysis.
  • Further studies are needed to address membrane stability during consecutive extractions.