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A Modified Sonographic Algorithm for Image Acquisition in Life-Threatening Emergencies in the Critically Ill Newborn

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Pediatric near-drowning and drowning.

Mohammed M Jan¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80215, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. mmjan@kau.edu.sa

Saudi Medical Journal

|February 12, 2013

Summary

Childhood water submersion is a significant public health issue. Prevention strategies, including close supervision and access restriction, are crucial for reducing drowning deaths in at-risk children.

Area of Science:

Public Health
Pediatrics
Emergency Medicine

Background:

Childhood water submersion is a leading cause of injury and death.
Understanding risk factors and prevention is critical for child safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an updated overview of childhood water submersion.
To highlight regional data and effective prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

Review of regional data on childhood water submersion.
Analysis of risk factors, including age, sex, and location.
Evaluation of acute management and prevention strategies.

Main Results:

Children under 5 and males are at higher risk.

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Infants are at risk in domestic settings (bathtubs, toilets), while older children drown in pools.

Inadequate supervision is a common factor in fatal incidents.

Adolescents are at risk during outdoor water activities.

Conclusions:

Prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and acute management improve neurological outcomes.
Restricting water access and ensuring close adult supervision are key prevention measures.
Targeted prevention programs for high-risk groups (e.g., young parents, low socioeconomic families) are recommended.