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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure to...

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Related Experiment Videos

Endothelial NOS (NOS3) impairs myocardial function in developing sepsis.

Annette M van de Sandt1, Rainer Windler, Axel Gödecke

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Basic Research in Cardiology
|February 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) contributes to excessive nitric oxide (NO) during sepsis, impairing cardiac function and leading to hypotension. NOS3 deficiency improves survival in sepsis by maintaining stable hemodynamics.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular physiology
  • Sepsis pathophysiology
  • Nitric oxide signaling

Background:

  • Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3)-derived nitric oxide (NO) is crucial for cardiac function in non-inflammatory states.
  • During sepsis, excessive NO production contributes to hypotension and myocardial dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of NOS3 in myocardial performance, NO production, and sepsis progression.
  • To determine the impact of NOS3 deficiency on cardiac function and survival during early sepsis.

Main Methods:

  • Cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis in NOS3 knockout and wildtype mice.
  • Serial echocardiography, in vivo pressure measurements, and isolated heart studies.
  • Measurement of plasma and myocardial NO metabolites and bioactive NO levels.

Main Results:

  • Septic wildtype mice exhibited a hyperdynamic cardiac output initially, followed by severe impairment and refractoriness to catecholamines.
  • Septic NOS3 knockout mice maintained stable hemodynamics and showed a significant survival benefit.
  • Elevated NO metabolites and bioactive NO were observed in septic wildtype mice compared to NOS3 knockout mice, with no significant NOS2 contribution.

Conclusions:

  • NOS3 significantly contributes to the bioactive NO pool during early sepsis, leading to impaired cardiac contractility and hypotension.
  • NOS3 deficiency confers a survival advantage in sepsis by preventing excessive NO production and maintaining hemodynamic stability.