Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who are...

Implicit Personality Theories

Implicit Personality Theories

Implicit personality theory explains how individuals make assumptions about the relationships between personality traits, behaviors, and character types. When people learn that someone possesses a particular trait, they tend to infer the presence of other related characteristics, forming a cohesive impression. This cognitive shortcut plays a crucial role in social interactions and interpersonal judgments.Central Traits and Their InfluenceSolomon Asch's seminal 1946 study highlighted the power...

How Data are Classified: Categorical Data

How Data are Classified: Categorical Data

A variable, usually notated by capital letters such as X and Y, is a characteristic or measurement that can be determined for each member of a population. Data are the actual values of variables. They may be numbers, or they may be words. Datum is a single value.
Data are classified based on whether they are measurable or not. Categorical data cannot be measured; instead, it can be divided into categories. For example, if Y denotes a person's party affiliation, some examples of Y include...

In- and Out-Groups

In- and Out-Groups

People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.

Social Identity

Social Identity

Social identity constitutes a significant aspect of an individual’s self-concept, shaped by membership in various social groups, including gender, nationality, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and political affiliation. Individuals associate specific traits with particular social groups, leading to internalization of these traits. For example, musicians are often perceived as creative, while women are frequently associated with nurturing tendencies. Once individuals identify with a particular...

The Role of Culture

The Role of Culture

Culture plays a crucial role in shaping self-identity and influencing thought and behavior, a foundational interest within social psychology. The multicultural perspective recognizes that individuals do not exist in a vacuum; instead, their experiences, perceptions, and actions are deeply influenced by the intersecting dimensions of their cultural, ethnic, and social group affiliations.Cultural Influence on Self-Identity and Social PerceptionCultural frameworks inform how individuals define...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Racializing disease: Anti-Chinese attitudes and behaviors in the wake of COVID-19.

Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology·2026

Same author

Corrigendum to "Latent profile analysis of students' motivation and outcomes in mathematics: An organismic integration theory perspective" [Heliyon Volume 3, Issue 5, May 2017, Article e00308].

Heliyon·2025

Same author

Stress reactivity and sociocultural learning: More stress-reactive individuals are quicker at learning sociocultural norms from experiential feedback.

Journal of personality and social psychology·2025

Same author

Consistency of interest mediates the positive relationship between growth mindset and presence of meaning in life among Hong Kong adolescents: A cross-lagged panel study.

Applied psychology. Health and well-being·2025

Same author

From negative feelings to impairments: A longitudinal study on the development of climate change anxiety.

Journal of anxiety disorders·2024

Same author

My child and I: self- and child-reference effects among parents with self-worth contingent on children's performance.

Memory (Hove, England)·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects

Published on: May 10, 2019

Essentializing race: its implications on racial categorization.

Melody Manchi Chao¹, Ying-yi Hong, Chi-yue Chiu

¹Department of Management, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. mchao@ust.hk

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

|February 13, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Belief in racial essentialism increases race-based categorization and sensitivity to racial group membership. This impacts how people perceive and interact across racial lines in the United States.

More Related Videos

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

Published on: November 2, 2012

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement (PMSM), for Investigating Implicit Social Bias

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement (PMSM), for Investigating Implicit Social Bias

Published on: February 29, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects

Published on: May 10, 2019

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

Published on: November 2, 2012

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement (PMSM), for Investigating Implicit Social Bias

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement (PMSM), for Investigating Implicit Social Bias

Published on: February 29, 2020

Area of Science:

Social Psychology
Intergroup Relations

Background:

Racial classification is a growing public concern, linked to racialized perceptions.
Limited social psychological research exists on racial categorization and its effects on interracial relations.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of racial essentialism on racial categorization processes.
To examine how racial essentialism affects psychological aspects of categorizing race.

Main Methods:

Conducted 5 empirical studies.
Examined the relationship between belief in racial essentialism and race-based categorization tendencies.
Assessed sensitivity in discerning racial group membership.

Main Results:

Racial essentialism correlated with a higher tendency for race-based categorization (Studies 1-3).
Belief in racial essentialism enhanced the ability to discern racial group membership (Studies 4-5).

Conclusions:

Racial essentialism plays a significant role in how individuals categorize race.
Findings offer insights into understanding and managing interracial dynamics in the U.S.