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Related Concept Videos

Septins01:19

Septins

Septins are protein filaments forming the cytoskeleton along with the microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and other accessory proteins. In 1971 while studying the cell division cycle in mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Harwell et al. first identified the septin-related genes playing a crucial role in yeast cytokinesis. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that these proteins localize at the budding neck as rings. These ring-like proteins were then named Septins by John Pringle, and...
Role of Septins01:02

Role of Septins

Septins are the recently discovered fourth major protein component of the cytoskeleton, along with microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. These proteins can associate with other cytoskeletal filaments and carry out varied roles or can be free-floating in the cytoplasm.
Cellular Functions of Septins
Recent studies have revealed the multifaceted roles of septins in various cellular processes such as cytokinesis, ciliogenesis, and neurogenesis. Septins act as scaffolds and...
Red Algae01:23

Red Algae

Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
Other Algae01:19

Other Algae

The group Stramenopiles include some phototrophic microorganisms. Members of this group possess flagella covered in numerous short, hairlike extensions, a feature that inspired the group's name, derived from the Latin words for "straw" and "hair." Some of the main categories of Stramenopiles include diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes, with over 200 known genera. They play a key role in the planktonic communities of both marine and...
Overview of Algae01:28

Overview of Algae

The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...
Green Algae01:21

Green Algae

Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Purification and Quality Control of Recombinant Septin Complexes for Cell-Free Reconstitution
11:50

Purification and Quality Control of Recombinant Septin Complexes for Cell-Free Reconstitution

Published on: June 23, 2022

Localization and evolution of septins in algae.

Tomokazu Yamazaki1, Satomi Owari, Shuhei Ota

  • 1Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology
|February 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Septins, proteins crucial for cell division in animals and fungi, are explored in green algae. These algal septins appear vital for cytokinesis and may have been lost in most other plant lineages.

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Bottom-Up In Vitro Methods to Assay the Ultrastructural Organization, Membrane Reshaping, and Curvature Sensitivity Behavior of Septins
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Bottom-Up In Vitro Methods to Assay the Ultrastructural Organization, Membrane Reshaping, and Curvature Sensitivity Behavior of Septins

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Reconstitution of Septin Assembly at Membranes to Study Biophysical Properties and Functions
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Reconstitution of Septin Assembly at Membranes to Study Biophysical Properties and Functions

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Purification and Quality Control of Recombinant Septin Complexes for Cell-Free Reconstitution
11:50

Purification and Quality Control of Recombinant Septin Complexes for Cell-Free Reconstitution

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Bottom-Up In Vitro Methods to Assay the Ultrastructural Organization, Membrane Reshaping, and Curvature Sensitivity Behavior of Septins
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Bottom-Up In Vitro Methods to Assay the Ultrastructural Organization, Membrane Reshaping, and Curvature Sensitivity Behavior of Septins

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Reconstitution of Septin Assembly at Membranes to Study Biophysical Properties and Functions
06:32

Reconstitution of Septin Assembly at Membranes to Study Biophysical Properties and Functions

Published on: July 28, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Algal Biology

Background:

  • Septins are GTP-binding proteins essential for cytokinesis in animals and fungi.
  • The roles and evolutionary history of septins in plants and algae remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the localization and expression of septins in the green algae Nannochloris bacillaris and Marvania geminata.
  • To explore the evolutionary distribution of septin homologs across different algal and plant lineages.

Main Methods:

  • Localization studies of septin proteins within algal cells.
  • Comparative analysis of septin gene homologs across diverse photosynthetic eukaryotes.

Main Results:

  • Septins were observed to localize at the cell division site during cytokinesis in the studied green algae.
  • Septin homologs are predominantly found in green algae, with limited presence in other major plant lineages (land plants, red algae, glaucophytes).
  • Septin homologs were also identified in diatoms, Rhizaria, and cryptomonad/haptophyte lineages.

Conclusions:

  • Algal septins likely play a role in cytokinesis and potentially cell elongation.
  • Septin genes appear to have been lost in the Plantae lineage, with exceptions in certain green algae, indicating a complex evolutionary trajectory.