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How effective is vaccination in preventing pneumococcal disease?
1Infectious Disease Section, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Daniel.musher@va.gov
Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
|February 13, 2013
Summary
Pneumococcal vaccines like PCV13 and PPV23 protect against serious infections. For immunocompromised adults, PCV13 followed by PPV23 is recommended for enhanced protection against pneumococcal disease.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) reduces serious pneumococcal infection risk by 50-80%.
- Infants and young children do not respond to polysaccharide antigens.
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7, PCV13) were developed for pediatric use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of PCV13 and PPV23 in immunocompromised adults, specifically those with AIDS.
- To inform recommendations for adult pneumococcal vaccination strategies.
Main Methods:
- A single study assessed PCV13 and PPV23 efficacy in patients with AIDS.
- The study compared protection against pneumococcal disease conferred by each vaccine.
Main Results:
- PCV13 demonstrated protection against pneumococcal disease in patients with AIDS.
- PPV23 did not show protection in the same patient group.
- The CDC now recommends PCV13 followed by PPV23 for immunocompromised adults.
Conclusions:
- PCV13 offers protection against pneumococcal disease in immunocompromised adults, particularly those with AIDS.
- A sequential vaccination strategy of PCV13 followed by PPV23 is recommended for this population.
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