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Oral clonidine premedication reduces nausea and vomiting in children after appendectomy

Reza Alizadeh1, Seyed-Mohammad Mireskandari, Mitra Azarshahin

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Pediatrics
|February 13, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Preoperative oral clonidine significantly reduced postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in children undergoing appendectomy. This study found fewer PONV episodes and less need for antiemetics in children who received clonidine.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Clonidine, an alpha-2 agonist, is used for sedative premedication in pediatric patients.
  • Existing literature presents conflicting data on clonidine's efficacy in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of preoperative oral clonidine on the incidence of PONV in children undergoing appendectomy.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind clinical trial involving 60 children (ages 5-12, ASA physical status I-II) scheduled for appendectomy.
  • Participants received either 4 µg/kg clonidine in apple juice or apple juice alone one hour before surgery.
  • PONV incidence and antiemetic use were monitored over 24 hours post-anesthesia.

Main Results:

  • Patient demographics were comparable between the clonidine and control groups.
  • The clonidine group experienced significantly fewer episodes of PONV compared to the control group.
  • Fewer patients in the clonidine group required rescue antiemetic medication.

Conclusions:

  • Preoperative oral administration of clonidine at 4 µg/kg effectively reduces the incidence of postoperative vomiting in pediatric appendectomy patients.
  • Clonidine demonstrates a beneficial role in managing PONV in this specific pediatric surgical population.
Abstract

Keywords:
AppendectomyClinical trialClonidineVomiting

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