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Increase in emergency admissions to hospital for children aged under 15 in England, 1999-2010: national database
Peter J Gill1, Michael J Goldacre, David Mant
1Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK. peter.gill@phc.ox.ac.uk
Insights
Emergency hospital admissions for children in England rose by 28% from 1999 to 2010. This increase, particularly for common infections, suggests potential failures in community and hospital care delivery for pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric healthcare utilization
- Public health trends
- Healthcare system analysis
Background:
- Emergency hospital admissions for children in England have shown a notable increase.
- Conditions typically managed in community settings are increasingly leading to hospitalizations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the rise in emergency hospital admissions for children in England.
- To analyze trends for conditions usually managed in primary care.
Main Methods:
- A population-based study analyzing Hospital Episode Statistics and population estimates for children under 15 in England.
- Data covers the period from 1999 to 2010.
Main Results:
- The emergency admission rate for children under 15 increased by 28% (63 to 81 per 1000 population) between 1999 and 2010.
- Short-term admissions (<1 day) doubled, offsetting a decline in longer admissions.
- Admissions for common infections like respiratory and urinary tract infections, and gastroenteritis, rose significantly (22-43%).
Conclusions:
- The rise in short-stay admissions for common childhood infections indicates potential systemic failures in primary and hospital care.
- There is a need to reassess the assessment and management of acute pediatric illnesses within community and emergency settings.
- Restructuring acute pediatric care delivery is likely necessary to address these trends.
Objective:
To investigate a reported rise in the emergency hospital admission of children in England for conditions usually managed in the community.
Setting And Design:
Population-based study of hospital admission rates for children aged under 15, based on analysis of Hospital Episode Statistics and population estimates for England, 1999-2010.
Main Outcome:
Trends in rates of emergency admission to hospital.
Results:
The emergency admission rate for children aged under 15 in England has increased by 28% in the past decade, from 63 per 1000 population in 1999 to 81 per 1000 in 2010. A persistent year-on-year increase is apparent from 2003 onwards. A small decline in the rates of admissions lasting 1 day or more has been offset by a twofold increase in short-term admissions of <1 day. Considering the specific conditions where high emergency admission rates are thought to be inversely related to primary care quality, admission rates for upper respiratory tract infections rose by 22%, lower respiratory tract infections by 40%, urinary tract infections by 43% and gastroenteritis by 31%, while admission rates for chronic conditions fell by 5.6%.
Conclusions:
The continuing increase in very-short-term admission of children with common infections suggests a systematic failure, both in primary care (by general practice, out-of-hours care and National Health Service Direct) and in hospital (by emergency departments and paediatricians), in the assessment of children with acute illness that could be managed in the community. Solving the problem is likely to require restructuring of the way acute paediatric care is delivered.
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