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Demineralized bone. Implant resorption with long-term follow-up
D M Toriumi1, W F Larrabee, J W Walike
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612.
Archives of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery
|June 1, 1990
Summary
Demineralized bone shows osteoinductive properties but has a high resorption rate, averaging 49% in facial skeletal reconstruction. Its use is limited to sites rich in mesenchymal cells due to resorption factors.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Demineralized bone exhibits osteoinductive properties, stimulating bone formation by converting mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts.
- Its application in facial skeletal augmentation and reconstruction is explored due to its potential for bone regeneration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the clinical efficacy and resorption rates of demineralized bone implants in facial skeletal augmentation.
- To identify factors influencing the resorption of demineralized bone grafts.
Main Methods:
- A clinical study involving 75 demineralized bone implants with follow-up ranging from 1 to 48 months.
- Assessment of implant resorption, focusing on major dorsal implants and long-term follow-up cases.
Main Results:
- Overall implant resorption averaged 49%, with major dorsal implants showing 50.7% resorption.
- Implants followed for over 24 months exhibited an 82.5% resorption rate.
- Key factors contributing to resorption included lack of mesenchymal cells, inadequate host tissue contact, infection, poor vascularity, and compression.
Conclusions:
- Demineralized bone demonstrates significant resorption, making it unsuitable for general use in facial skeletal augmentation.
- Its application should be restricted to highly selective cases with abundant host mesenchymal or bone-forming cells to mitigate resorption.