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Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
Parkinson Disease l: Introduction01:24

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

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Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

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Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...

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Controlling Parkinson's Disease With Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation
11:12

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Published on: July 16, 2014

Primary progressive aphasia with parkinsonism.

Karen M Doherty1, Jonathan D Rohrer, Andrew J Lees

  • 1Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
|February 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This case study details a 65-year-old man with progressive aphasia and parkinsonism, highlighting the clinical course and neuroimaging findings of a rare neurodegenerative disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • This report describes a rare neurodegenerative disorder presenting with initial word-finding difficulties and gait disturbance.
  • The patient exhibited progressive nonfluent speech, anomia, and impaired repetition, alongside asymmetrical parkinsonian features.

Observation:

  • The patient's cognitive functions initially remained intact, but later showed deterioration in comprehension.
  • Motor speech disorder and parkinsonism worsened over 12 years, with limited levodopa response.

Findings:

  • Serial brain MRI demonstrated progressive asymmetric perisylvian atrophy.
  • The case illustrates a complex interplay between language and motor deficits in neurodegeneration.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Understanding such cases aids in differential diagnosis and potential therapeutic strategies for related conditions.