Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 14, 2026

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
Published on: July 3, 2025
Using graphene oxide to enhance the activity of anammox bacteria for nitrogen removal
Dong Wang1, Guowen Wang, Guoquan Zhang
1Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (China Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China. guowenwang@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Graphene oxide (GO) was applied in this study to enhance the activity of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria for nitrogen removal. A GO dose-dependent effect on anammox bacteria was observed through batch tests. The results showed that the activity increased as the GO dose was varied within 0.05-0.1gL(-1). A maximum 10.26% increase of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing activity was achieved at 0.1gL(-1) GO. Analysis of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) indicated that the highest carbohydrate, protein, and total EPS contents (42.5, 125.7, and 168.2mg (g volatile suspended solids)(-1), respectively) were obtained with 0.1gL(-1) GO. Appropriate GO dose stimulated EPS production to promote the activity of anammox bacteria. Transmission electron microscopy showed the large surface area of GO benefited cell attachment. These findings proved that the application of GO was an effective approach to enhancing the activity of anammox bacteria.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this nitrogen...
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation
Microbial Leaching

