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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
Properties of Organometallic Compounds01:23

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
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Transition metal borylene complexes.

Holger Braunschweig1, Rian D Dewhurst, Viktoria H Gessner

  • 1Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany. h.braunschweig@uni-wuerzburg.de

Chemical Society Reviews
|February 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review introduces borylene ligands, which are similar to carbon monoxide but have unique chemistry. It covers the synthesis, properties, and reactivity of various transition metal borylene complexes.

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Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

  • Borylene ligands (:BR) are isolobal to carbon monoxide (CO) and other common organometallic ligands.
  • While sharing some parallels, borylene chemistry is distinct from that of CO and related ligands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an introductory overview of transition metal borylene complexes.
  • To cover the synthesis, properties, and reactivity of major borylene ligand classes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on transition metal borylene complexes.
  • Categorization of borylene complexes into terminal, bridging, pseudoborylenes, and metalloborylenes (borido complexes).

Main Results:

  • Discussion of the synthetic routes to various borylene complexes.
  • Elucidation of the characteristic properties and reactivity patterns of these complexes.
  • Highlighting of both terminal and bridging borylene species, as well as pseudoborylenes and borido complexes.

Conclusions:

  • Borylene complexes represent a unique class of organometallic compounds with distinct chemical behavior.
  • This review serves as a foundational resource for understanding the diverse chemistry of transition metal borylenes.