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Flowers are the reproductive, seed-producing structures of angiosperms. Typically, flowers consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Sepals and petals are the vegetative flower organs. Stamens and carpels are the reproductive organs.

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Quantity and quality components of effectiveness in insular pollinator assemblages.

María C Rodríguez-Rodríguez1, Pedro Jordano, Alfredo Valido

  • 1Integrative Ecology Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain. canderguez@ebd.csic.es

Oecologia
|February 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Pollinator effectiveness varies greatly in island ecosystems. Birds and lizards, despite different life modes, show low functional equivalence, impacting pollination services and potentially signaling extinction risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Oceanic islands often harbor small, diverse pollinator assemblages with contrasting life modes.
  • Opportunistic nectar feeding in these pollinators can lead to reduced and unpredictable pollination effectiveness (PE).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally evaluate the pollination effectiveness (PE) of an opportunistic bird-lizard pollinator assemblage on Isoplexis canariensis in the Canary Islands.
  • To dissect PE into quantity (QNC) and quality (QLC) components to understand functional equivalence and variance.

Main Methods:

  • Studied the bird-lizard pollinator assemblage of Isoplexis canariensis.
  • Experimentally evaluated quantity (QNC) and quality (QLC) components of pollination effectiveness (PE).
  • Analyzed visitation frequency, flowers probed, and viable seed production.

Main Results:

  • Birds and lizards occupied different positions in the PE landscape, indicating low functional equivalence.
  • Birds exhibited higher QNC (visitation frequency) than lizards.
  • Adult lizards showed higher QLC (viable seeds) than juveniles; PE variance stemmed from visitation frequency, flowers probed, and viable seed proportion.

Conclusions:

  • Disparate life modes of birds and lizards lead to significant intra- and inter-specific PE variance.
  • Low functional equivalence in impoverished pollinator assemblages may signal extinction risks and mutualistic collapse.