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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

In Vivo Mouse Model of Spinal Implant Infection
08:03

In Vivo Mouse Model of Spinal Implant Infection

Published on: June 23, 2020

A staged treatment algorithm for spinal infections.

Carsten Stüer1, Michael Stoffel, Judith Hecker

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich 81675, Germany. carsten.stueer@lrz.tum.de

Journal of Neurological Surgery. Part A, Central European Neurosurgery
|February 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A tailored algorithm for spinal pyogenic infections offers good outcomes, with surgery as a primary treatment. This approach improves motor function and resolves bladder dysfunction in many patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Spinal Surgery

Background:

  • Spinal pyogenic infections are common and aggressive, particularly in elderly patients with comorbidities.
  • Conservative treatment is often insufficient, carrying risks of disability, sepsis, and death.
  • A tailored, staged treatment algorithm is proposed for managing these complex infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel, staged algorithm for treating spinal pyogenic infections.
  • To evaluate the outcomes of this algorithm in a cohort of patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 52 patients (median age 68 years) with spinal infections treated via surgery.
  • Patients underwent cervical, thoracic, or lumbar surgery following the proposed staged treatment algorithm.
  • Mean follow-up duration was 24 months.

Main Results:

  • High rates of severe disability were observed, including paresis, sepsis, and meningitis.
  • Surgical treatment involved ventral or dorsal approaches for multilevel/multisegmental infections.
  • Overall mortality was 19%; surgery-related complications occurred in 11.5% and recurrence in 3.8%.

Conclusions:

  • Surgery can yield good outcomes for complex spinal infections when individualized.
  • The proposed algorithm serves as an effective tool for treatment indication.
  • Surgery should be considered the primary treatment for complex spinal infections.