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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune system...
Humoral Immune Responses01:36

Humoral Immune Responses

Overview
Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR
14:14

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR

Published on: December 6, 2014

[Primary immunodeficiency disorders in 51 cases].

Sfaihi Lamia1, Hajer Aloulou, Thouraya Kamoun

  • 1Service de pédiatrie du CHU Hédi Chaker de Sfax.

La Tunisie Medicale
|February 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID) are common in Tunisia, with ataxia-telangiectasia and HLA class II deficiency being frequent. High consanguinity rates likely contribute to PID prevalence in the region.

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A Suction Blister Protocol to Study Human T-cell Recall Responses In Vivo
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A Suction Blister Protocol to Study Human T-cell Recall Responses In Vivo

Published on: August 11, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR
14:14

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR

Published on: December 6, 2014

A Suction Blister Protocol to Study Human T-cell Recall Responses In Vivo
11:17

A Suction Blister Protocol to Study Human T-cell Recall Responses In Vivo

Published on: August 11, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Context:

  • Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID) represent a diverse group of conditions predisposing individuals to recurrent infections.
  • Understanding the epidemiological landscape of PID is crucial for public health initiatives and clinical management.

Purpose:

  • To ascertain the incidence of PID in southern Tunisia.
  • To gather data on the clinical manifestations and immunological profiles of patients with PID.
  • To analyze the impact of consanguinity on PID occurrence.

Summary:

  • A 16-year study (1995-2010) identified 51 PID cases in 47 families, with 80% consanguinity.
  • Immunological investigations revealed a high frequency of cellular or combined immunodeficiencies, notably ataxia-telangiectasia (21 cases) and HLA class II deficiency (9 cases).
  • Predominant antibody defects and chronic granulomatous disease were also observed, with a 37% mortality rate.

Impact:

  • PID appears relatively common in Tunisia, potentially linked to high consanguinity rates.
  • The study highlights a distinct pattern of PID, with a notable prevalence of ataxia-telangiectasia and HLA class II deficiency.
  • Findings underscore the need for increased awareness and diagnostic resources for PID in the region.