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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
Seizures ll: Types01:19

Seizures ll: Types

Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...
Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
08:23

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

Published on: November 13, 2016

Connectomics and epilepsy.

Jerome Engel1, Paul M Thompson, John M Stern

  • 1Department of Neurology, The Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA. engel@ucla.edu

Current Opinion in Neurology
|February 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Connectomics research, using advanced neuroimaging and electrophysiology, reveals how abnormal brain connections contribute to epilepsy. Understanding these whole-brain network disturbances is key to deciphering epilepsy mechanisms and seizures.

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Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
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Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

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High-Quality Seizure-Like Activity from Acute Brain Slices Using a Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor High-Density Microelectrode Array System
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High-Quality Seizure-Like Activity from Acute Brain Slices Using a Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor High-Density Microelectrode Array System

Published on: September 27, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
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A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

Published on: November 13, 2016

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
09:32

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

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High-Quality Seizure-Like Activity from Acute Brain Slices Using a Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor High-Density Microelectrode Array System
06:28

High-Quality Seizure-Like Activity from Acute Brain Slices Using a Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor High-Density Microelectrode Array System

Published on: September 27, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Systems Biology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Epilepsy mechanisms are increasingly understood at the ion channel and neurotransmitter levels.
  • However, epilepsy is fundamentally a disease of aberrant neuronal network connections at the systems level.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how connectomic approaches can advance the understanding of epilepsy.
  • To investigate the role of structural and functional brain connectivity in epilepsy development and seizure generation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing advanced neuroimaging techniques like diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional MRI (fMRI) for whole-brain structural and functional connectivity.
  • Employing electroencephalography (EEG) for functional connectivity analysis.
  • Incorporating local circuit analysis methods such as optogenetics, tracers, electrophysiology, and calcium imaging.

Main Results:

  • DTI-MRI provides insights into structural brain connectivity.
  • fMRI and EEG reveal functional connectivity patterns across the entire brain.
  • Local circuit investigations highlight critical neuronal network disturbances underlying epileptic abnormalities.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding epilepsy requires detailed mapping of aberrant functional and structural brain connections.
  • Connectomics offers powerful methodologies to achieve this comprehensive understanding.
  • Future research leveraging connectomic approaches will be crucial for elucidating epilepsy.