Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement
14:14

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement

Published on: December 11, 2017

Aortic pressure wave reflection in patients after successful aortic arch repair in early infancy

Tomoaki Murakami1, Atsuhito Takeda, Hirokuni Yamazawa

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. murat@seagreen.ocn.ne.jp

Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension
|February 15, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Successful aortic arch repair in children can still lead to increased aortic pressure wave reflection, potentially causing left ventricular hypertrophy. This highlights long-term cardiovascular risks even after seemingly effective surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Surgical repair of aortic coarctation can lead to later cardiovascular issues.
  • Enhanced aortic pressure wave reflection is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • Previous studies suggest increased pressure wave reflection after aortic arch repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the increase in pressure wave reflection in pediatric patients (<15 years) post-aortic arch repair.
  • To determine if successful aortic arch repair prevents enhanced pressure wave reflection.
  • To investigate the correlation between pressure wave reflection and cardiac changes.

Main Methods:

  • Enrolled 35 pediatric patients post-aortic arch repair.
  • Performed cardiac catheterization to record aortic pressure waveforms.
  • Calculated the augmentation index in the ascending aorta using a pressure sensor-mounted catheter.
  • Compared augmentation index with control subjects and analyzed correlations.

Main Results:

  • Augmentation index was significantly increased in patients post-aortic arch repair compared to controls (P<0.0001).
  • This increase occurred even without a pressure gradient across the repaired aortic arch.
  • The augmentation index correlated positively with patient age (r=0.8932) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (r=0.4075).

Conclusions:

  • Aortic arch repair in children accelerates pressure wave reflection, irrespective of surgical success.
  • Increased pressure wave reflection is a potential contributor to left ventricular hypertrophy in these patients.
  • Long-term cardiovascular monitoring is crucial for children after aortic arch repair.

More Related Videos

Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection06:26

Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection

Published on: March 28, 2025

Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:17

Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

A nurse managing a patient with aortic regurgitation begins with a comprehensive assessment, including a review of the patient's medical history, family history, and lifestyle factors. During the cardiac examination, the nurse listens for heart sounds and checks for signs of valve abnormalities. The nurse also observes for symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and assesses the patient's endurance and daily activity tolerance.Based on the findings, the nurse...
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...