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Related Concept Videos

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form dimers that...
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form dimers that...
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
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  1. Home
  3. Antagonism Versus Cooperativity With Tale Cofactors At The Base Of The Functional Diversification Of Hox Protein Function.
  1. Home
  3. Antagonism Versus Cooperativity With Tale Cofactors At The Base Of The Functional Diversification Of Hox Protein Function.

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Antagonism versus cooperativity with TALE cofactors at the base of the functional diversification of Hox protein

María Luisa Rivas1, Jose Manuel Espinosa-Vázquez, Nagraj Sambrani

  • 1CABD, CSIC/JA/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.

Plos Genetics
|February 15, 2013

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extradenticle/Homothorax (Exd/Hth) cofactors, usually aiding Hox proteins, can inhibit the posterior Hox protein Abdominal-B (Abd-B). This repression is crucial for Abd-B function during embryonic development.

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Published on: December 28, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Extradenticle (Exd) and Homothorax (Hth) are key cofactors for Hox proteins, facilitating DNA binding.
  • The posterior Hox protein Abdominal-B (Abd-B) functions independently of Exd/Hth for DNA binding and represses their transcription during embryogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional necessity of Abd-B-mediated repression of Exd/Hth.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which Exd/Hth interferes with Abd-B function.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ectopic Exd/Hth expression in Drosophila embryos.
  • Characterization of an Abd-B regulated cis-regulatory module in the empty spiracles gene.
  • Investigating the interaction between Exd/Hth and the Abd-B homeodomain.

Main Results:

  • Maintained Exd/Hth expression leads to developmental transformations mimicking Abd-B loss-of-function.
  • Exd/Hth interferes with Abd-B binding to the empty spiracles enhancer.
  • Exd/Hth may inhibit Abd-B through direct binding to its homeodomain, independent of DNA binding.

Conclusions:

  • Exd/Hth acts as a negative regulator for the posterior Hox protein Abd-B, contrasting its role with anterior Hox proteins.
  • This antagonistic interaction provides a novel mechanism for cofactor-mediated modulation of posterior Hox gene activity.