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Related Concept Videos

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
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Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
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Improving the Success Rate of Protein Crystallization by Random Microseed Matrix Screening
12:24

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Published on: August 31, 2013

Crystallization on prestructured seeds.

Swetlana Jungblut1, Christoph Dellago

  • 1Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Wien, Austria.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|February 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prestructured seeds influence fluid crystallization. Face- and body-centered cubic seeds accelerate crystal formation, while icosahedral seeds have no effect on crystallization rates in this study.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Computational chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding crystallization is crucial for materials design.
  • Homogeneous nucleation is often slow and difficult to control.
  • Prestructured seeds can potentially influence nucleation pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the effect of prestructured seeds on fluid crystallization.
  • Compare the influence of different seed structures (cubic vs. icosahedral).
  • Identify nucleation regimes and their dependence on seed type.

Main Methods:

  • Transition path sampling (TPS) combined with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
  • Studied an undercooled monodisperse Lennard-Jones fluid.
  • Analyzed crystallization in the presence of small, prestructured seeds.

Main Results:

  • Face- and body-centered cubic seeds significantly enhance crystallization rates compared to homogeneous nucleation.
  • Icosahedrally ordered seeds do not alter the crystallization reaction rate.
  • Two distinct nucleation regimes were identified: near the seed and in the bulk.
  • Crystallites preferentially form near cubic seeds and avoid icosahedral seeds.

Conclusions:

  • Seed structure critically dictates nucleation enhancement.
  • Cubic seeds promote crystallization by providing favorable nucleation sites.
  • Icosahedral seeds do not offer effective nucleation pathways for this system.